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- <text id=90TT3214>
- <title>
- Dec. 03, 1990: Are Sanctions Working?
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Dec. 03, 1990 The Lady Bows Out
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 68
- Are Sanctions Working?
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> French officials hear that many Iraqi factories are closed
- or working half time; the nation's largest textile plant is said
- to be operating only eight hours a week. Egyptian laborers
- returning from Iraq report that bakers are being forced to mix
- barley with scarce flour to make a tasteless bread. As if to
- confirm such reports of hardship, Saddam Hussein's government
- last week decreed the death penalty for hoarders of wheat,
- barley, rice, flour and maize.
- </p>
- <p> So is the worldwide embargo against Iraq working? Depends
- partly on what is meant by working, an ill-defined concept. But
- if State Department spokeswoman Margaret Tutwiler is correct in
- stating that "the aim of these sanctions is to change the
- behavior of the government of Iraq," the answer is no. The
- embargo is causing hardship all right, but the deprivation is
- probably not severe enough to force Iraq to pull out of Kuwait,
- at least not within any time frame that the Bush Administration
- could accept.
- </p>
- <p> To begin, some experts are worried that the more extreme
- reports of shortages may be disinformation circulated by Iraq to
- make its foes think a military attack is unnecessary, and thus
- gain time for Saddam to try to disrupt the alliance against him.
- More important, hardship for civilians does not necessarily
- indicate any lessening of Iraq's ability to fight; Saddam's
- dictatorship can and will squeeze the civilian economy as hard
- as may be necessary to maintain supplies to the armed forces.
- Case in point: U.S. Secretary of State James Baker said on
- ABC-TV's This Week with David Brinkley that "tires are in short
- supply," but nongovernment sources in Washington say only
- civilians are affected. The Iraqi military has stockpiled all
- the tires it needs.
- </p>
- <p> French military officials do say the Iraqi army is running
- out of spare parts for tanks and armored personnel carriers and,
- in the words of one top officer, "will crumble soon after the
- first encounters." But Washington specialists do not believe it.
- Says Anthony Cordesman, a top congressional staff expert on the
- Middle East, who toured Iraqi military installations in 1989:
- "It will be a really long time--I'm talking maybe a year--before the embargo seriously affects Iraq's military capacity."
- Determining whether Saddam will pull out of Kuwait by then
- without fighting is problematic, and probably irrelevant; nobody
- expects the Bush Administration to wait that long.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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